Online instruction, also known as online learning or e-learning, refers to the use of digital technologies to deliver educational content and facilitate interactions between instructors and students in a virtual environment. This research area explores various aspects of online instruction, such as the design and delivery of online courses, the effectiveness of different online teaching strategies, the use of technology to enhance learning outcomes, and the impact of online instruction on student engagement and motivation. Researchers in this field often focus on understanding how online instruction can be used to expand access to education, improve the quality of learning experiences, and support diverse student populations. Additionally, they may explore best practices for designing and implementing online instructional programs, as well as assessing the outcomes and effectiveness of online learning initiatives.